CNC programming converts a 3D CAD model into machine-readable instructions that guide CNC machines to create the desired part by cutting away unwanted material. This programming can be done manually at the machine console or, more commonly, with CAM software. The programmer uses CAM software to create tool paths based on the part’s geometry and features, such as holes, slots, or complex surface contours. Task-specific codes, identified by different alphabet letters, instruct the machine tool on the specifics of material removal.